1.  	Habituation refers to the:
A.  	awareness that things continue to exist even when not perceived.
B.  	decreasing responsiveness to a stimulus to which one is repeatedly exposed.
C.  	adjustment of current schemas to make sense of new information.
D.  	interpretation of new information in terms of existing schemas.
E.  	biological growth processes that are relatively uninfluenced by experience.
2.  	An infant's temperament refers most directly to its:
A.  	ability to learn.
B.  	physical attractiveness.
C.  	emotional excitability.
D.  	physical health.
E.  	sense of humor.
3.  	When placed close to a gauze breast pad from their nursing mothers, week-old babies are likely to:
A.  	move their eyes in a visual search for their mother.
B.  	turn their head toward the smell of their mother's pad.
C.  	open their mouth in a vigorous search for a nipple.
D.  	do all the above.
4.  	During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n) ________ and finally develops into a(n) ________.
A.  	embryo; zygote
B.  	zygote; fetus
C.  	embryo; fetus
D.  	zygote; embryo
E.  	fetus; embryo
5.  	Questions about whether gender differences in development are biologically predisposed or socially constrained most directly highlight the issue of:
A.  	assimilation or accommodation.
B.  	rationality or irrationality.
C.  	continuity or stages.
D.  	nature or nurture.
E.  	stability or change.
6.  	Rita expected all college professors to be old, bearded males.  She found it difficult to recognize young Kim Lee as a legitimate professor due to her own:
A.  	egocentrism.
B.  	stranger anxiety.
C.  	insecure attachment.
D.  	inadequate schema.
7.  	Research on personality development indicates that the:
A.  	personalities of children are not very similar to the personalities of their biological or adoptive parents.
B.  	personalities of children are strikingly similar to the personalities of their natural brothers and sisters.
C.  	personalities of adopted children are strikingly similar to the personalities of their adoptive parents.
D.  	personalities of adopted children are strikingly similar to the personalities of the other children in their adoptive families.
8.  	Aaron was extremely upset when his mother left him in the infant nursery at church and he was not reassured or comforted by her return a short while later.  Aaron showed signs of:
A.  	egocentrism.
B.  	habituation.
C.  	conservation.
D.  	gender-typing.
E.  	insecure attachment.
9.  	According to Piaget, the ability to think logically about visible and tangible events first develops during the ________ stage.
A.  	sensorimotor
B.  	formal operational
C.  	concrete operational
D.  	preoperational
10.  	Adults have a tendency to exaggerate the extent to which their opinions are shared by others.  This best illustrates:
A.  	habituation.
B.  	egocentrism.
C.  	conservation.
D.  	accommodation.
11.  	According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to:
A.  	a sensorimotor need for self-stimulation as evidenced in thumb-sucking.
B.  	young children's exaggerated interest in themselves and their own pleasure.
C.  	the inability to perceive things from another person's point of view.
D.  	the inability to realize that things continue to exist even when they are not visible.
12.  	The McDougals use harsh discipline on their children and demand unquestioning obedience.  Psychologists are likely to characterize the McDougals as ________ parents.
A.  	authoritarian
B.  	egocentric
C.  	rejecting-neglecting
D.  	authoritative
13.  	The last areas of the child's brain to develop are the association areas of the cortex concerned with:
A.  	controlled elimination of bodily wastes.
B.  	physical coordination and balance.
C.  	visual perception.
D.  	thinking, memory, and language.
14.  	The rooting reflex refers to a baby's tendency to:
A.  	withdraw a limb to escape pain.
B.  	turn the head away from a cloth placed over the face.
C.  	open the mouth in search of a nipple when touched on the cheek.
D.  	be startled by a loud noise.
E.  	look longer at human faces than at inanimate objects.
15.  	During which of Piaget's stages does a person develop an awareness that things continue to exist even when they are not perceived?
A.  	sensorimotor
B.  	preoperational
C.  	concrete operational
D.  	formal operational
16.  	When his mother offered to play leapfrog with him, Jorge protested, "I'm not going to play a girl's game!"  Jorge's reaction is best explained in terms of:
A.  	psychoanalytic theory.
B.  	social learning theory.
C.  	gender schema theory.
D.  	evolutionary theory.
17.  	Authoritative parents are likely to have children who:
A.  	are obedient but have low self-esteem.
B.  	have high self-esteem and are self-reliant.
C.  	have high self-esteem but are somewhat dependent.
D.  	are rebellious and have low self-esteem.
18.  	Dr. Williams's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-rearing practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring.  It is most likely that Dr. Williams is a(n) ________ psychologist.
A.  	social
B.  	psychoanalytic
C.  	biological
D.  	developmental
E.  	educational
19.  	Lilianne is beginning to develop a fear of strangers and will reach for her mother when she sees someone who is unfamiliar.  It is likely that Lilianne is simultaneously:
A.  	mastering the principle of conservation.
B.  	developing a sense of object permanence.
C.  	overcoming the limitation of egocentrism.
D.  	losing her sense of secure attachment.
20.  	Three-year-old Angela has a history of being securely attached to her mother.  It is most likely that Angela is:
A.  	unusually intelligent but also highly anxious.
B.  	easily frustrated and irritable when her mother is absent.
C.  	preoccupied with maintaining close physical contact with her mother.
D.  	outgoing and successful in her interactions with other children.
21.  	According to Piaget, children come to understand that the volume of a substance remains constant despite changes in its shape during the ________ stage.
A.  	sensorimotor
B.  	preoperational
C.  	concrete operational
D.  	formal operational
22.  	Mr. and Mrs. Batson can't wait to begin toilet-training their year-old daughter.  The Batsons most clearly need to be informed about the importance of:
A.  	neural plasticity.
B.  	habituation.
C.  	maturation.
D.  	gender-typing.
E.  	object permanence.
23.  	The capacity of one brain area to take over the functions of another damaged brain area is known as brain:
A.  	assimilation.
B.  	conservation.
C.  	maturation.
D.  	habituation.
E.  	plasticity.
24.  	Providing children with a safe haven in times of stress contributes most directly to:
A.  	habituation.
B.  	stranger anxiety.
C.  	object permanence.
D.  	secure attachment.
E.  	egocentrism.
25.  	Parents who are demanding and yet sensitively responsive to their children are said to be:
A.  	authoritarian.
B.  	accommodating.
C.  	egocentric.
D.  	permissive.
E.  	authoritative.
Answer Sheet for Test "Developing Child (.tst", 1/26/04
	
No. in
Q-Bank	No. on
Test	Correct Answer
3.TB1 48 (a,a,-)	1	B  Objective 6,  p. 90
3.TB1 78 (a,a,-)	2	C  Objective 7,  p. 96
3.TB1 20 (a,b,-)	3	B  Objective 4,  p. 81
3.TB1 11 (a,c,-)	4	B  Objective 3,  pp. 79-80
3.TB1 3 (b,a,-)	5	D  Objective 1,  pp. 77-78
3.TB1 37 (b,c,-)	6	D  Objective 6,  p. 87
3.TB1 122 (a,c,-)	7	A  Objective 11,  p. 110
3.TB1 76 (b,b,-)	8	E  Objective 7,  p. 96
3.TB1 59 (a,a,-)	9	C  Objective 6,  pp. 89, 93
3.TB1 58 (a,b,-)	10	B  Objective 6,  p. 92
3.TB1 54 (a,b,-)	11	C  Objective 6,  p. 91
3.TB1 101 (b,a,-)	12	A  Objective 9,  p. 104
3.TB1 33 (a,b,-)	13	D  Objective 6,  p. 87
3.TB1 17 (a,b,-)	14	C  Objective 4,  p. 81
3.TB1 45 (a,b,-)	15	A  Objective 6,  p. 88
3.TB1 115 (b,c,-)	16	C  Objective 10,  p. 106
3.TB1 104 (a,b,-)	17	B  Objective 9,  p. 104
3.TB1 1 (b,a,-)	18	D  Objective 1,  p. 77
3.TB1 65 (b,c,-)	19	B  Objective 7,  p. 94
3.TB1 89 (b,b,-)	20	D  Objective 8,  p. 98
3.TB1 60 (a,b,-)	21	C  Objective 6,  p. 93
3.TB1 32 (b,b,-)	22	C  Objective 5,  p. 86
3.TB1 27 (a,a,-)	23	E  Objective 5,  p. 85
3.TB1 69 (a,a,-)	24	D  Objective 7,  pp. 95, 97
3.TB1 102 (a,b,-)	25	E  Objective 9,  p. 104