CONSTITUTION RESOURCES

     created by Peggy Beck Haines

SEE ALSO ONLINE RESOURCES. SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER: US AND BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; ABC-CLIO'S AMERICAN GOVERNMENT; CQ RESEARCHER AND ENCYCLOPEDIA OF AMERICAN GOVERNMENT; GALE'S OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS RESOURCES; AND ISSUES AND CONTROVERSIES DATABASE.

BILL OF RIGHTS RESOURCES (SEE ALSO CONSTITUTION RESOURCES.)

            PRIMARY DOCUMENTS AND INTERPRETATION OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS            
              
                BILL OF RIGHTS (CORNELL LAW)
                BILL OF RIGHTS (NATIONAL ARCHIVES)
                BILL OF RIGHT, AMENDMENTS 1-10
                THE BILL OF RIGHTS, A BRIEF HISTORY (ACLU)
                BILL OF RIGHTS INSTITUTE
                THE BILL OF RIGHTS: PRIMARY DOCUMENTS IN AMERICAN HISTORY (LIBRARY OF CONGRESS)
                DOCUMENTARY HISTORY OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS   
                A HISTORY OF THE BILL OF RIGHTS
                JAMES MADISON'S SPEECH TO HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES PROPOSING THE BILL OF RIGHTS
                LITTLE KNOWN FACTS ABOUT THE BILL OF RIGHTS
                A MORE PERFECT UNION: THE CREATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION
     

RESOURCES ON TOPICS WITHIN THE BILL OF RIGHTS & IMPLICATIONS FOR TODAY
                    CITIZENS JURIES RESOURCES
                    CIVIC EDUCATION RESOURCES
                    CRIMINAL PROCEDURE RESOURCES
                    EXAMINING THE BILL OF RIGHTS USING THE ETHIC OF JUSTICE (ESSAY)
                    FEDERALISM RESOURCES
                    FIFTH AMENDMENT AND PRIVATE PROPERTY
                    FIRST AMENDMENT/ FREEDOM OF SPEECH RESOURCES
                    FOUNDING DOCUMENTS RESOURCES
                    JUSTICE LEARNING: CIVIC EDUCATION IN THE REAL WORLD
                    LITTLE KNOWN FACTS ABOUT THE BILL OF RIGHTS
                    PERSONAL LIBERTY RESOURCES
                    RELIGION RESOURCES
                    RIGHT TO BEAR ARMS (SEE NATIONAL RIFLE ASSOCIATION, THE BRADY CENTER TO PREVENT GUN VIOLENCE, STATE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO KEEP AND BEAR ARMS PROVISION, JURIST: GUN LAWS, GUN CONTROL, AND GUN RIGHTS, GUN CONTROL SPECIAL REPORT)
                    WAYBACK: STAND UP FOR YOUR RIGHTS (STUDENT ESSAYS ON WOMEN'S SUFFRAGE, SCHOOL DESEGREGATION, & RELIGIOUS FREEDOM)
 

CONSTITUTION RESOURCES

                AMERICAN POLITICS (LINKS - UNIV. OF TEXAS)
                ANNOTATED CONSTITUTION (GPO) 
                BILL OF RIGHTS RESOURCES (LISTED ABOVE)
                CONSTITUTION GUIDE
                CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES
                CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES (NARA)
                CONSTITUTION SOCIETY  
                CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS 11-27
                A MORE PERFECT UNION: THE CREATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTIONU.S. CONSTITUTION
                THE U.S. CONSTITUTION ANNOTATED (FINDLAW)

CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION & FRAMERS RESOURCES

                    THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION (TEACHINGAMERICANHISTORY.ORG)
                    DATA ON THE FRAMERS OF THE CONSTITUTION
                    A MORE PERFECT UNION: THE CREATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION
                    THE RECORDS OF THE FEDERAL CONVENTION OF 1787 (FARRAND)

KEY FIGURES IN THE RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION

                ADAMS, JOHN 1735-1826 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN ADAMS, PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES RESOURCES; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)    
                ADAMS, SAMUEL 1722-1803 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; SAMUEL ADAMS, REPRESENTING MASSACHUSETTS AT THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS; SAMUEL ADAMS TO RICHARD HENRY LEE ;SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                AMES, FISHER  1758-1808 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER. SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES. FISHER AMES, VIRTUAL AMERICAN BIOGRAPHIES;)
                ATHERTON, JOSHUA  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER. SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES. JOSHUA ATHERTON-VIRTUAL AMERICAN BIOGRAPHIES.)
                BRYAN, SAMUEL (CENTINEL)  (RATIFICATION OVERVIEW-- SEE 5TH PARAGRAPH. ; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES -BBC) 
                CLINTON, GEORGE, 1739-1812 (CATO) (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                COXE, TENCHE 1755-1824 (BRIEF NOTE; BIOGRAPHY-VIRTUAL AMERICAN BIOGRAPHIES. SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                DICKINSON, JOHN 1732-1808 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN DICKINSON, BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN DICKINSON, JOHN DICKINSON, REPRESENTING PENNSYLVANIA AT THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS)
                DOCUMENTS FROM THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS AND THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION
                ELLSWORTH, OLIVER 1745-1807 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF OLIVER ELLSWORTH; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES)
                THE FEDERALIST PAPERS (ABOUT THE FEDERALIST PAPERS)
                FINDLEY, WILLIAM (1741-1821) (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER. SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                FRANKLIN, BEN (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.; BEN FRANKLIN RESOURCES, BIOGRAPHY OF BENJAMIN FRANKLIN)
                GERRY, ELBRIDGE 1744-1814 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF ELBRIDGE GERRY)
                HAMILTON, ALEXANDER  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF ALEXANDER HAMILTON; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES. SEE ALSO ALEXANDER HAMILTON, THE MAN WHO MADE MODERN AMERICA. )
                HENRY, PATRICK  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; SPEECHES OF PATRICK HENRY; PATRICK HENRY- COLONIAL WILLIAMSBURG, PATRICK HENRY, VIRGINIA HOUSE OF BURGESSES; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                IREDELL, JAMES 1751-1799 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER. SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                JAY, JOHN (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; JOHN JAY, REPRESENTING NEW YORK AT THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                JEFFERSON, THOMAS JEFFERSON (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; THE LETTERS OF THOMAS JEFFERSON, 1743-1826, PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES RESOURCES, BIOGRAPHY OF THOMAS JEFFERSON)    
                LANGDON, JOHN 1741-1819  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN LANGDON)
                LANSING, JOHN 1754-1829 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN LANSING JR. SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                LEE, RICHARD HENRY (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF RICHARD HENRY LEE  LETTERS FROM THE FEDERAL FARMER -THOUGHT TO BE RICHARD HENRY LEE OR MELANCTON SMITH; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.) 
                LENOIR, WILLIAM (GENERAL WILLIAM LENOIR; BIOGRAPHY OF WILLIAM LENOIR; WILLIAM LENOIR -WIKIPEDIA; WILLIAM LENOIR-VIRTUAL AMERICAN BIOGRAPHIES) -FOUGHT FOR RELIGIOUS RIGHTS.
                MADISON, JAMES (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES RESOURCES; DEBATES IN THE FEDERAL CONVENTION OF 1787 BY JAMES MADISON  ;SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES. SEE ALSO THE PAPERS OF JAMES MADISON.)
                MASON, GEORGE  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF GEORGE MASON; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES- BBC; A VOICE OF DISSENT--SCROLL DOWN.)
                MARTIN, LUTHER 1748-1826 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF LUTHER MARTIN; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                MERCER, JOHN FRANCIS 1759-1821 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF JOHN MERCER)
                PATERSON, WILLIAM 1745-1806  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF WILLIAM PATERSON)
                PENDLETON, EDMUND 1721-1801  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; EDMUND PENDLETON, MEMBER OF THE VIRGINIA HOUSE OF BURGESSES)
                RANDOLPH, EDMUND 1753-1813  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF EDMUND RANDOLPH; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                RUSH, BENJAMIN  1746-1813 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BENJAMIN RUSH, REPRESENTING PENNSYLVANIA AT THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                SMITH, JONATHAN BAYARD 1742-1812 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER. BIOGRAPHY)
                SMITH, MELANCTON 1744-1798 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; SPEECHES OF MELANCTON SMITH;  LETTERS FROM THE FEDERAL FARMER -THOUGHT TO BE RICHARD HENRY LEE OR MELANCTON SMITH; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                THOMPSON, GENERAL WILLIAM  1736-1781 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER.)
                WARREN, MERCY OTIS 1728-1814 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER. MERCY OTIS WARREN -ANSWERS.COM; MERCY OTIS WARREN- WIKIPEDIA; MERCY OTIS WARREN)
                WILSON, JAMES 1742-1798  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; BIOGRAPHY OF JAMES WILSON, JAMES WILSON, REPRESENTATIVE FOR PENNSYLVANIA TO THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS; SPEECHES OF JAMES WILSON; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                WINTHROP, JAMES 1752-1821 (AGRIPPA)  (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER. THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES.)
                YATES, ROBERT (BRUTUS) 1738-1801 (SEE GALE'S HISTORY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE GALE'S BIOGRAPHY RESOURCE CENTER; SEE PRIMARY DOCUMENTS FOR SPEECHES; BIOGRAPHY OF ROBERT YATES)

PRIMARY DOCUMENTS (ARRANGED ALPHABETICALLY BY THE LAST NAME OF THE AUTHOR/KEY FIGURE AND/OR THE FIRST WORD OF THE TITLE)

                   
                ADAMS, JOHN: SCROLL TO ADAMS, JOHN FOR SPEECHES, & LETTERS FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION.
                ADAMS, SAMUEL:   SAMUEL ADAMS TO RICHARD HENRY LEE
                AGRIPPA NO.4; AGRIPPA NO.9
                AMES, FISHER. FISHER AMES, MASSACHUSETTS RATIFYING CONVENTION
                THE ANT-FEDERALIST PAPERS
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO. 4
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO 31: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION DEBATES: SPEECH OF JAMES WILSON, OCTOBER 6, 1787  
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO. 34
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO. 35
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO 38: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION DEBATES: SPEECH OF PATRICK HENRY, JUNE 7, 1788
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO 35: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION DEBATES: AMENDMENTS PROPOSED BY THE MASSACHUSETTS CONVENTION (FEB. 7, 1788)
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO 35b: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION DEBATES:AMENDMENTS PROPOSED BY THE VIRGINIA CONVENTION (JUNE 27, 1788)  
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO 36: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION DEBATES:AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION  (JUNE 27, 1788)
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO 37: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION DEBATES:AMENDMENTS PROPOSED BY THE RHODE ISLAND CONVENTION (MARCH 6, 1790)
                ANTIFEDERALIST PAPERS NO 39: THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION DEBATES: "CENTINEL," NUMBER 1 (OCT. 5, 1787)
                ATHERTON, JOSHUA: JOSHUA ATHERTON, NEW HAMPSHIRE RATIFYING CONVENTION
                "BRUTUS" ; "BRUTUS" (THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION)
                BRYAN, SAMUEL: CENTINEL NO. 1; CENTINEL NO. 2; CENTINEL NO. 5 ; CENTINEL NO. 6; CENTINEL NO. 11
                "CATO"; CATO NO. 2 ; CATO NO. 3 ; CATO NO. 4; CATO NO. 5 & CATO NO. 5 CLAUSE 3
                CENTINEL NO. 1; CENTINEL NO. 2; CENTINEL NO. 5 ; CENTINEL NO. 6; CENTINEL NO. 11
                A CENTURY OF LAWMAKING FOR A NEW NATION: U.S. CONGRESSIONAL DOCUMENTS AND DEBATES 1774-1875
                CLINTON, GEORGE: GEORGE CLINTON, NEW YORK RATIFYING CONVENTION, "CATO"; CATO NO. 2 ; CATO NO. 3 ; CATO NO. 4; CATO NO. 5 & CATO NO. 5 CLAUSE 3
                CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (FOUNDING DOCUMENTS: CONSTITUTION SOCIETY)
                CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES
                CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES (NARA)
                CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENTS 11-27
                COXE, TENCH: TENCH COXE, AN EXAMINATION OF THE CONSTITUTION, ARTICLE 4, SECTION 4; ARTICLE 6, CLAUSE 6; TENCH COXE, LETTER TO VIRGINIA COMMISSIONERS;
TENCH COXE, NOTES CONCERNING THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 1790
                DOCUMENTS FROM THE CONTINENTAL CONGRESS AND THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION (LIBRARY OF CONGRESS)
                DRAFT OF A CONSTITUTION (LIBRARY OF CONGRESS)
                ELLSWORTH, OLIVER:  OLIVER ELLSWORTH, CONNECTICUT RATIFYING CONVENTION,  ARTICLE 3, SEC. 2, CLAUSE 1; OLIVER ELLSWORTH,  LANDHOLDER NO. 3 ;
OLIVER ELLSWORTH, LANDHOLDER NO. 6; OLIVER ELLSWORTH, LANDHOLDER NO. 7
                FARRAND'S RECORDS OF THE FEDERAL CONVENTION OF 1787 (LIBRARY OF CONGRESS)
                FEDERALIST PAPERS (LIBRARY OF CONGRESS)
                FINDLEY, WILLIAM: WILLIAM FINDLEY, PENNSYLVANIA HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY; WILLIAM FINDLEY, PENNSYLVANIA RATIFYING CONVENTION
                THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION
                FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN: BENJAMIN FRANKLIN TO THE FEDERAL CONVENTION
                GERRY, ELBRIDGE: ELBRIDGE GERRY, PUBLIC CREDIT, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
                 HAMILTON, ALEXANDER: ALEXANDER HAMILTON, FEDERAL CONVENTION- FEDERAL VS. CONSOLIDATED GOVT. ; REPRESENTATION; FEDERALIST PAPERS --SCROLL TO HAMILTON FOR LINKS TO NUMBERS 1, 6, 7,8, 9, 11, 12, 15, 16, 17, 21-36, 59-61, 65-84 & LETTERS TO GEORGE CLINTON, JOHN JAY, & JAMES WILSON) 
                HENRY, PATRICK:     SPEECHES OF PATRICK HENRY; PATRICK HENRY, VIRGINIA RATIFYING CONVENTION- FED VS. CONSOLIDATED, BALANCED GOVT.; BICAMERALISM; RIGHTS;  PREAMBLE; ARTICLE 1, SEC 8, CLAUSE 16; AMENDMENT 1 (RELIGION)
                IREDELL, JAMES: JAMES IREDELL, NORTH CAROLINA RATIFYING CONVENTION- RIGHTS;  ARTICLE 1, SEC. 1; ARTICLE 1, SEC 7, CLAUSES 2 & 3; ARTICLE 2, SEC. 2, CLAUSE 1; ARTICLE 2, SEC. 2, CLAUSE 1; ARTICLE 3, SEC. 2, CLAUSE 2; ARTICLE 4, SEC. 2, CLAUSE 3; PROPOSED AMENDMENT, NORTH CAROLINA RATIFYING CONVENTION -- ARTICLE 1, SEC. 4, CLAUSE 1; ARTICLE 1, SEC 8, CLAUSE 16; ARTICLE 1, SEC. 9, CLAUSE 6; AMENDMENT X
                JAY, JOHN: JOHN JAY, FEDERALIST PAPERS --NO 4, 19-23; NO. 64- 432-438; JOHN JAY, A FREEHOLDER, A HINT TO THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK
                JEFFERSON, THOMAS: SCROLL TO JEFFERSON FOR SPEECHES AND LETTERS FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION
                JOURNAL OF THE FEDERAL CONVENTION (LIBRARY OF CONGRESS)
                LANSING, JOHN: JOHN LANSING, PROPOSED AMENDMENT, NEW YORK RATIFYING CONVENTION
                LEE, RICHARD HENRY:  LETTERS FROM THE FEDERAL FARMER (THOUGHT TO BE RICHARD HENRY LEE OR MELANCTON SMITH); SCROLL TO LEE FOR LETTERS TO SAMUEL ADAMS, GEORGE MASON, EDMUND PENDLETON, & EDMUND RANDOLPH FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION
                LETTERS FROM THE FEDERAL FARMER (THOUGHT TO BE RICHARD HENRY LEE OR MELANCTON SMITH)
                MADISON, JAMES: DEBATES IN THE FEDERAL CONVENTION OF 1787 BY JAMES MADISON ; SCROLL TO MADISON FOR FEDERALIST PAPERS, SPEECHES, & LETTERS FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION
                MARTIN, LUTHER: LUTHER MARTIN, MARYLAND HOUSE OF DELEGATES-- ARTICLE 1, SEC 3, CLAUSES 1 & 2; ARTICLE 1, SEC 9, CLAUSE 6; ARTICLE 7; LUTHER MARTIN- GENUINE INFORMATION, FED VS. CONSOLIDATED GOVT; REPRESENTATION; EQUALITY; LETTER 1788; ARTICLE 1, SEC 8, CLAUSE 15
                MASON, GEORGE: SCROLL TO MASON FOR SPEECHES, & LETTERS FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION
                RANDOLPH, EDMUND: SCROLL TO RANDOLPH FOR SPEECHES, & LETTERS FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION
                THE RECORDS OF THE FEDERAL CONVENTION OF 1787 (FARRAND)
                RUSH, BENJAMIN: SCROLL TO RUSH FOR SPEECHES, & LETTERS FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION
                SMITH, MELANCTON: MELANCTON SMITH, NEW YORK RATIFYING CONVENTION-- REPRESENTATION; ARTICLE 1, SECTION 8, CLAUSE 16; SPEECHES OF MELANCTON SMITH;  LETTERS FROM THE FEDERAL FARMER (THOUGHT TO BE RICHARD HENRY LEE OR MELANCTON SMITH)
                WARREN, MERCY OTIS: OBSERVATIONS ON THE NEW CONSTITUTION, AND ON THE FEDERAL AND STATE CONVENTIONS: BY A COLUMBIAN PATRIOT MERCY OTIS WARREN, ONCE ERRONEOUSLY ATTRIBUTED TO ELBRIDGE GERRY
                WILSON, JAMES: SCROLL TO WILSON FOR SPEECHES, & LETTERS FROM THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION; SPEECHES OF JAMES WILSON
                WINTHROP, JAMES: AGRIPPA NO.4; AGRIPPA NO.9
                YATES, ROBERT: "BRUTUS" ; "BRUTUS" (THE FOUNDERS' CONSTITUTION)

RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION

                THE AMERICAN CONSTITUTION: A DOCUMENTARY (AVALON PROJECT)  
                ANTIFEDERALISTS (ANSWERS.COM)
                "ANTIFEDERALISTS SPEAK: PROPERTY VS. DEMOCRACY IN 1787"
                "CONSPIRACY AND THE MAKING OF THE CONSTITUTION"
                CONSTITUTION (ANSWERS.COM)
                THE CONSTITUTION FOR THE UNITED STATES: ITS SOURCES AND ITS APPLICATIONS
                THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES (BBC)
                THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES (WIKIPEDIA)
                THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION (BARTLEBY)
                FEDERALIST AND ANTIFEDERALIST CONTENTIONS (HEATH)
                FEDERALIST PAPERS (ANSWERS.COM)
                A MORE PERFECT UNION: THE CREATION OF THE U.S. CONSTITUTION
                PHILADELPHIA CONVENTION OF 1787 (ANSWERS.COM)
                RATIFICATION AND THE BILL OF RIGHTS
                RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION (ANSWERS.COM)
                RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION (HOUGHTON MIFFLIN) 
                RATIFICATION OVERVIEW
                SLAVERY AND THE RATIFICATION OF THE CONSTITUTION
                UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION
                VINDICATING THE FOUNDERS: RACE, SEX, CLASS, AND JUSTICE IN THE ORIGINS OF AMERICA  (SEE RIGHT SIDE COLUMN FOR PRIMARY DOCUMENTS.)

REPRESENTATIVES LISTED ABOVE WHO DID NOT SIGN THE CONSTITUTION

                REFUSED TO ATTEND OR WERE UNABLE TO ATTEND: PATRICK HENRY, RICHARD HENRY LEE
                LEFT EARLY: OLIVER ELLSWORTH
                LEFT IN PROTEST: JOHN LANSING, LUTHER MARTIN, JOHN MERCER, ROBERT YATES   
                REFUSED TO SIGN: ELBRIDGE GERRY, GEORGE MASON, EDMUND RANDOLPH

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